Speaker Biographies
Paul S. Atkins was appointed by President George W. Bush to be a commissioner of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on July 29, 2002. His term expires in 2008. Mr. Atkins’s career has focused on the financial services industry and securities regulation. Before his appointment as commissioner, he assisted financial services firms in improving their compliance with SEC regulations and worked with law enforcement agencies to investigate and rectify situations in which investors had been harmed. From 1990–94, he served on the staff of two former chairmen of the SEC, Richard C. Breeden and Arthur Levitt, ultimately as executive assistant and counselor, respectively. Under Chairman Breeden, he assisted in efforts to improve regulations regarding corporate governance, enhance shareholder communications, strengthen management accountability through proxy reform, and decrease barriers to entry for small businesses and middle-market companies to the capital markets. Under Chairman Levitt, he was responsible for organizing the SEC’s individual investor program, including the first investor town hall meetings, an SEC consumer affairs advisory committee, and other investor education efforts, including the original Invest Wisely brochures about the fundamentals of the retail brokerage relationship and mutual fund investment. Mr. Atkins began his career as a lawyer in New York City, focusing on a wide range of corporate transactions for U.S. and foreign clients, including public and private securities offerings and mergers and acquisitions. He was resident for two and a half years in his firm’s Paris office and admitted as conseil juridique in France in 1988.
Allen Ferrell is the Greenfield Professor of Securities Law at Harvard Law School, where he teaches courses on securities regulation, the regulation of market structure, law and finance, and law and corporate governance. He is a member of the Economic Advisory Board of the National Association of Securities Dealers and the European Corporate Governance Institute. Mr. Ferrell also clerked for U.S. Supreme Court Justice Anthony M. Kennedy in 1996 and for Judge Laurence H. Silberman of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia in 1995.
Merritt B. Fox is the Michael E. Patterson Professor of Law at Columbia Law School and is co-director of its Center for Law and Economic Studies. His academic interests are in the areas of corporate and securities law, law and economics, international securities regulation, and comparative corporate law. Mr. Fox‘s recent articles have appeared in the Washington University Law Quarterly, New York University Law Review, Virginia Law Review, and Michigan Law Review. He is the author of Finance and Industrial Performance in a Dynamic Economy (Columbia University Press, 1987) and The Signature of Power: Buildings, Communication, and Policy (with Harold Lasswell, Transaction Publishers, 1979). Mr. Fox practiced law with the New York City firm of Cleary, Gottlieb, Steen, and Hamilton, and taught at Yale University, Fordham Law School, and Indiana University Law School in Bloomington before joining the University of Michigan law faculty in 1988, where he was most recently the Alene and Allan F. Smith Professor of Law and faculty director of the school’s Center for International and Comparative Law.
Douglas H. Ginsburg is chief judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, to which he was appointed by President Ronald Reagan in 1986. He is also a distinguished adjunct professor of law at George Mason University School of Law and a visiting lecturer and the Charles J. Merriam Scholar at the University of Chicago Law School. Mr. Ginsburg previously served as a professor of law at Harvard Law School; as director of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget; and as assistant attorney general in charge of the antitrust division of the United States Department of Justice. He is a member of the American Economic Association, the American Law and Economics Association, and the Mont Pelerin Society, and serves on the Judicial Advisory Board of the Law and Economics Center at George Mason University School of Law.
Robert R. Glauber was chairman and chief executive officer of the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD) from September 2001 to August 2006; president of NASD from November 2000 to September 2001; and a member of NASD’s board beginning in 1996. Prior to becoming an officer at NASD, he was a lecturer at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University from 1992 until 2000, under secretary of the treasury for finance from 1989 to 1992, and a professor of finance at the Harvard Business School. Mr. Glauber served as executive director of the task force (“Brady Commission”) appointed by President Ronald Reagan to study the 1987 stock market crash. He has served on the boards of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, a number of Dreyfus mutual funds, and the Investment Company Institute, and also served as president of the Boston Economic Club. Mr. Glauber is a director of Moody’s Corporation, Freddie Mac, XL Capital Ltd., and Quadra Realty Trust, and is currently a visiting professor at the Harvard Law School and a senior lecturer at the Kennedy School of Government. He has also been a senior advisor at Peter J. Solomon Co., an investment bank, since November 2006.
Edward F. Greene is currently the general counsel of Citi Markets and Banking. Previously, he was a partner at Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP, where he was resident in the London office from 1990 to 2004. Mr. Greene was also resident in the Washington offices of Cleary Gottlieb from 1982 to 1987, and the Tokyo offices from 1987–1990. He was the first licensed foreign lawyer to be admitted to practice law in Japan in 1987. Prior to joining Cleary Gottlieb in 1983, he was general counsel of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) from 1981–1982, and director of the Division of Corporation Finance from 1979–1981. Prior to joining the SEC he was engaged in private practice in New York. Mr. Greene is a trustee of the Practicing Law Institute (PLI), the Lawyers Alliance, co-chairman of the Annual Securities Regulation in Europe program sponsored by PLI, a member of the National Association of Securities Dealers’ Legal and Compliance Committee, and a member of the advisory and editorial boards of several legal education publications and institutes. He has written extensively on securities law issues and is a coauthor of U.S. Regulation of the International and Derivatives Markets (seventh edition, Aspen, 2003). Mr. Greene has been an adjunct professor of law at the University of Pennsylvania and Georgetown University Law Center, was appointed to the Nomura Chair of International Securities Regulation by the law faculty of the University of Tokyo for the 1989–1990 academic year, and was appointed lecturer at Harvard Law School for the 2003 spring term. He was also chairman of the Legal Advisory Board of the New York Stock Exchange from 1995 until 2001, continuing as a member ex officio, and was a member of the SEC’s Advisory Committee on Capital Formation and Regulatory Processes. He was a member of the Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Council from 1986 to 1987.
Michael S. Greve is the John G. Searle Scholar at AEI, where he directs the Federalism Project. His research and writing cover American federalism and its legal, political, and economic dimensions. Mr. Greve co-founded and, from 1989 to 2000, directed the Center for Individual Rights, a public interest law firm that served as counsel in many precedent-setting constitutional cases, including United States v. Morrison and Rosenberger v. University of Virginia. He has written widely on constitutional and administrative law, federalism, environmental policy, and civil rights.
Kenneth M. Lehn is the Samuel A. McCullough Professor of Finance in the Katz Graduate School of Business, University of Pittsburgh, where he teaches courses on business valuation and corporate restructuring. He is also an adjunct professor in the School of Law at the University of Pittsburgh. Mr. Lehn joined the faculty at the University of Pittsburgh in 1991, after serving as chief economist of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for four years. Mr. Lehn also has taught at Washington University, UCLA, Miami University, and the Georgetown University Law Center. He has published in leading academic journals, including the Journal of Financial Economics, Journal of Finance, Journal of Political Economy, American Economic Review, and Journal of Law and Economics, and has had published several op-ed pieces in the Wall Street Journal. Mr. Lehn is a founding editor of the Journal of Corporate Finance, a former member of the Shadow Financial Regulatory Committee, and a consultant for numerous firms and government agencies, including JPMorgan Chase, Lehman Brothers, the Walt Disney Company, Marriott, Procter & Gamble, AT&T Wireless, the National Hockey League, the Department of Justice, and the SEC.
Robert E. Litan is vice president for research and policy at the Kauffman Foundation, a senior fellow in the Economic Studies and Global Studies Programs at the Brookings Institution, and co-director of the AEI-Brookings Joint Center for Regulatory Studies. He is the author, coauthor, or co-editor of more than thirty books and 200 articles on financial and economic topics. He has been vice president and director of economic studies at Brookings, an associate director of the Office of Management and Budget, deputy assistant attorney general in the Antitrust Division at the Department of Justice, a consultant for the Treasury Department, a member of the Commission on the Causes of the Savings and Loan Crisis, and a staff economist on the President’s Council of Economic Advisers.
Heidi M. Schooner joined the law faculty at the Columbus School of Law at the Catholic University of America in 1993. Ms. Schooner has visited on the law faculty at Suffolk University and at George Washington University. As a practicing lawyer, she was acting general counsel of First American Metro Corp., a large Washington, DC–area bank-holding company. She also practiced in the general counsel’s office of the Securities and Exchange Commission and as an associate with a private law firm. Ms. Schooner has published numerous articles exploring the regulation of financial institutions. Her scholarship addresses issues ranging from the specific examination of the enforcement powers of bank regulators to broad scrutiny of efforts to modernize bank regulatory regimes. She teaches banking law, commercial law, contracts, and corporations.
Hal S. Scott is the Nomura Professor and director of the Program on International Financial Systems at Harvard Law School, as well as director of the Committee on Capital Markets Regulation. He teaches courses on banking regulation, securities regulation, international finance, and the payment system. He is the author of International Finance: Transactions, Policy and Regulation (13th ed., Foundation Press, 2006) and International Finance: Law and Regulation (Sweet & Maxwell, 2004), and editor of Capital Adequacy Beyond Basel: Banking, Securities, and Insurance (Oxford University Press, 2005). He has served as a consultant to financial institutions, foreign governments, the World Bank, and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. He is a past president of the International Academy of Consumer and Commercial Law and a former member of the board of governors of the American Stock Exchange.
Kenneth E. Scott is the Ralph M. Parsons Professor of Law and Business Emeritus at Stanford University and a senior research fellow at the Hoover Institution. His current research concentrates on legislative and policy developments related to comparative corporate governance, bank regulation, and deposit insurance reform. Mr. Scott has extensive consulting experience, including turns with the World Bank, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Resolution Trust Corporation, and National Association of Securities Dealers. He is also a member of the Shadow Financial Regulatory Committee, Financial Economists Roundtable, and the State Bar of California’s Financial Institutions Committee. Before joining the Stanford Law School faculty in 1968, he was general counsel to the Federal Home Loan Bank Board and chief deputy savings and loan commissioner of California.
Peter J. Wallison joined AEI in January 1999, and is currently a senior fellow and co-director of AEI’s program on financial market deregulation. He previously practiced banking, corporate, and financial law at Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher in Washington, D.C., and New York. From June 1981 to January 1985, Mr. Wallison was general counsel of the United States Treasury Department, where he had a significant role in the development of the Reagan administration’s proposals for deregulation in the financial services industry. He also served as general counsel to the Depository Institutions Deregulation Committee and participated in the Treasury Department’s efforts to deal with the debt held by less-developed countries. During 1986 and 1987, Mr. Wallison was White House counsel to President Ronald Reagan. Between 1972 and 1976, Mr. Wallison served first as special assistant to Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller and, subsequently, as counsel to Mr. Rockefeller when he was vice president of the United States.
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