March 19 marks the 10th anniversary of the American invasion of Iraq. But the U.S. conflict with Iraq began long before that. Iraq invaded Kuwait on August 2, 1990, and American forces were fighting Iraqis continuously for the 13 years that followed in order to enforce UN-mandated no-fly zones, punish Saddam Hussein for attempting to assassinate former President George H. W. Bush, and working to dismantle Saddam’s nuclear weapons program after he expelled UN inspectors in 1998. The decade between the 2003 invasion and today has been an important and traumatic time, but it was neither the start nor the finish of America’s involvement with Iraq and the broader Middle East.