-Professor of Economics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 1980-present

-Visiting Fellow, Center for International Studies, Princeton University, 2002-2003

-Resident, Bellagio Center, Rockefeller Foundation, Winter-Spring, 2003

-Fellow, Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, California, 1984-1985, 1995-1996 and Winter-Summer 2000

-Senior Staff Economist, President’s Council of Economic Advisers, 1989-1990

-Consultant, World Bank, 1977-1978, 1984-1986

-Member, Congressional Advisory Panel on the Civilian Uses of Space,1982-1985

-Consultant, U.S. Departments of Commerce, 1979-1980; State, 1978-1983; and Treasury, 1979-1983

-Henry Luce Professor of Comparative Development, Brown University,1980-1981

-Member, Congressional Advisory Panel on Industrial Competitiveness and the American Economy,1980

-Visiting Lecturer in Economics, Harvard University, Winter-Spring, 1975