-Professor of politics, associate professor, assistant professor, New York University, 1979–present
-John L. Weinberg/Goldman Sachs & Co. Visiting Professor, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, 1994–95
-Visiting professor of public policy, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, 1993–94
-Deputy director of research, Republican National Committee, 1978–79
-Research associate, Urban Institute, 1975–78
-Speechwriter to then secretary of state Henry A. Kissinger, U.S. Department of State, 1974–75
-Policy analyst, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, 1973–75
M.A., Ph.D., Political Science, Harvard University
B.A., Political Science, Amherst College