-Vice president and editor in chief, Copley Newspapers, 1980-2003
-Media consultant, 1977-1980
-Vice president for corporate relations, Metromedia, Inc., 1973-1977
-Director of communications, White House, 1969-1973
-Manager of communications, Campaign of President Richard M. Nixon, 1968-1969
-Director, American Society of Newspaper Editors, 1966-1968
-Editor, San Diego Union, 1959-1968
-Press secretary, Vice President Richard M. Nixon, 1956, 1958-1961
-Executive editor, 1957-1959; associate editor, 1956-1957; editorial page editor, 1952-1956; San Diego Union

-Features and editorial writer, San Diego Evening Tribune, 1950-1952
-News Editor, Alhambra Post Advocate, 1946-1950
-Copy boy, Alhambra Post Advocate, 1941