Tensions are rising in Beijing and Washington as the Republic of China organizes a referendum calling for the island to seek full membership in the United Nations under the name of Taiwan. China has threatened the use of “non-peaceful” measures in response to Taiwan’s UN bid, and American diplomats have openly criticized the referendum effort. Why has Taiwan’s planned referendum provoked such a strong response? What does membership in the UN mean to the government and people of Taiwan? How will Taiwan seek to resolve this crisis and continue to develop as a democratic society? On September 6, AEI will hold a video conference with President Chen Shui-bian of Taiwan to discuss these and other questions concerning Taiwan’s future.